Runes:
A magical language from Pre-Christian Europe.
  The issue of a magical language for the Neo/Pagan community
has been debated for some time by the memebers
of the Wiccoid Pan
 Paganites. Some feel quite comfortable using
the Quaballistic
 system of the Judaic peoples. While others feel
that this system
 is infused with thousands of years of
patriarchy and tis and what 
as you will it to exist and work as you you will in this and create 
that which taints it by the dark ka in the minds of those who do 
not want or don't seem as a point to others in intrusions or not 
desire to use it. 
 
There have been a number of languages that have
been uncovered
 in the past century. Ogham, the Celtic written
language is one
 choice, but using this system is problematic
because the 
 tradition it came from (as with many of that
time) was oral and
 the Druids (teachers of the Ogham alphabet)
were destroyed along
 with the Library at Tara by the overzelous St.
Patrick. The
 information surviving to this day on the Ogham
alphabet is mostly
 recreated by people who do the most with what
they have...but the
 inner knowledge of the Ogham system has been
lost. 
  The runic language, however, was created by the
Teutonic
 peoples of the Continent and Scandinavia was
able to last as a
 magical system alive and intact because the
Christian influence
 came at a later time and those people were not
destroyed but rather
 were converted.
  The Teutonic Runic system was used
by the Goths, the
 Visigoths, the Vandals and many other Teutonic
Tribes of the era
 of the fall of the Roman Empire, the
Norse/Vikings of the 10th
 through the 12th century, the Saxons who
invaded the isle of Great
 Brittan, and many tribes of Teutons not known
to history
 for their military expeditions. By this we see
that the runic
 system was in use from approximately 500 c.e.
until at least
 1,200 c.e. and there are many examples of runic
talismans from 
 which to investigate. 
  Other examples which aid in a good
understanding of what the
 rune system was and how the magical archetypes
were fused both in
 the minds of the Vitki (the name of a runic
magician {Thorrson1})
 and in the shapes of the runic staves are a
wealth of writings 
 from those who used the system (the Poetic Edda
and the Prose Edda)
 and from some of the Roman historians Tacitus,
Virgil and others.
 These two main sources give an perspective to
the study of the
 runic system. That of the participant and that
of the 
 observer. One who is interested in working with
the any magical
 system is both of these a participant and an
observer.
 
There have been a number of revivals of the
runic system in
 modern times. Both occured in Germany, the
center of the Teutonic
 tribes. The first was an intellectual/magical
revival in which a
 number of occulthis ists worked with the system and
added to the
 available knowledge though innovation and study
of folklore and
 history. The second was a manipulation of the
archetypes of the 
 runes to control a population, popularly known
as Nazi Germany.
 The Nazis used ideas, archetypes, and the pride
of the Teutonic
 peoples to control them magically. This is not
to say that the
 German people are no responsible for their
actions is not the point
 I offer. Rather that some of the runes that
were used by the Nazis
 will be seen in the runic system and that one
should 
 attempt to disinherit the short and horrid
imposition from the
 beauty and power of Nature that is inherant in
the symbols and 
 has been for hundreds of years.
  The last of the runic revivals is
the current one. The
 interest in the runes has increased vastly in
the last ten years.
 One of the reasons is the writings of Edred
Thorrson, and the 
 institution by him of the Rune Guild. The books
written by this
 man are heavily researched and relatively easy
to read and follow.
 There are other writers on the runic system,
but they are
 all different, using different runic alphabets,
and seem to be
 a mish-mosh of the four different runic
alphabets. The amount 
 of work to be done on the runic system is
great, but the rewards
 of working with the system are as great,
enlivening, and exciting. 
  There are four basic runic alphabets. The Elder
Futhark,
 Younger Futhark, Anglo-Saxon Fothark, and the
Frisian Futhark.
 The most complete of the forms is the Elder
Futhark, of twenty-four
 staves. The other forms either are missing
staves or have
 staves that are mixtures of two staves. Think
of the scientific
 Table of the Elements. The form that has the
greatest number of
 the most basic forms is the best place to start
because you can
 make as many combination from these with great
understaning of what
 forces are at work in the compilation.
  The Elder Futhark also is the oldest form known
as being a
 complete alphabet. There are some earlier
examples of the use of
 the runic symbols, but 500 c.e. is the earliest
compiled,complete
 futhark. 
  The studying this author has done on
the runic system has been
 with the Elder Futhark, using Edred Thorrsons's
books. They
 are a great beginning although being a bit on
the patriarchal side
 for my taste. He offers a wealth of information
which any
 user of magical formuli can combine and find
further understanding
 of the runes. I recommend his books highly as a
resource from which to do one's own research. I
also recommend reading the Edda's and writings by Virgil,
Tacitus and other Roman historian on the subject of German/Teuton
society.
  The amount of information available about the
runes for the
 pagan who is seeking a magical alphabet with
which to scribe,
 cypher, or to expand consciousness is
exceptional for an ancient 
 lettering. Unlike the Quaballah it is not
connected with the
 Judeo/Christian reality, but unfortunately is
connected with
 patriarchy. 
  The breakdown of the dieties in the
Teutonic/Norse tradition
 is reflective of the history that is shared by
almost all of the 
 religions in Europe. The earliest god/desses of
the region were
 originally thought to be from the Lake Van in
Anatolia (where
 modern day Turkey is). The pantheon of dieties
was known as the
 Vanic dieties. This was basically a Nature
based religion common
 in Europe before the patriarchal era began.
Many of the goddess
 and god names are recognizible as being a part
of the Aesir.
 Goddesses like Freya, Iduna, Sif, Hella; and
the god Frey are all
 names I had heard before I read my first book
on runes. 
 
The group of dieties usually attributed to the
Norse/Teutonic
 people are the Aesir. The well known pantheon of Odhinn, Thor, 
Tyr, Loki, The Fenris Wolf,
the Giants (thurs'), and many more. 
The accepted historical
explination of the change is the invasion 
of the Scandinavian areas by
the Teutonic Tribes of the Continent. 
Many of the god/desses were
eliminated from popular practice and 
relegated to less visible
and less important realms of influence. The 
most powerfull
god/desses were married into the pahtheon of the 
Aesir, Freya (meaning
"Lady"), Hella, Iduna, Frigga (an alternate 
personality of
Freya), Frey (meaning, "Lord"), and others.
  The historical change from a Goddess
based nature religion
 to a martial God based religion had very a very
strong impact
 on the region. The change in concepts aided in
the justification
 of the raiding and invading of various Teutonic
tribes throughout
 the first and second centuries of the Common
Era (C.E.). It also
 spread the runic system throughout Northern
Europe and England.
 The negative side of this warlike attitude is
the desire of many 
Pagans to use a system for the
spreading of peace and of the 
healing of the Earth Mother. Much of the
information in the texts 
available deal with the battles and
conquests of the Teutons and 
their God/desses, not quite the
place for a peace-loving pagan to 
find power and solace. However
the main battle in the runic sagas 
(Eddas) is the battle
between conscious action and non-conscious 
action. 
  The Aesir and Vanir
in alliance against the Thurses or forces of chaos. 
The law and
chaos dealt with are not the social "law" and anarchy 
that most of
the status-quo fear, but rather the law of the natural order 
and the
chaos of non-natural or artificial destruction of the
natural law
 for reasons with no wisdom.
  It seems to this author that the
"battle" engaged in the mystical 
realm of the Norse/Teutonic multiverse
is closely alligned with the 
battle that we face today against the
wholesale corporate destruction 
of the ecology of the
planet which I think we can all agree is a 
plan without wisdom.
  With a good deal of hard work and
perseverence with the runic
 system, it seems that the Vanic God/desses can
be reintegrated into the system. A rebalancing 
of the pantheon to allow for the modern 
view that the god and
the goddess influence should be in perspective...
even.
Reprinted From the Winter Solstace Will and Word 1990 EV